Mitirka socodka korantada, xaaladaha shaqada ee noocee ah ayaa ku habboon dahaarka caagga ah, dahaarka PTFE iyo dahaarka PFA?

1. Cinjir (Dabiici ah/Neoprene/CR)
Ugu Fiican: Daxal-sameyn guud, daxal hoose ilaa dhexdhexaad ah, dareere biyo ah, iyo daxal-sameyn khafiif ah.
Heerkulka: Caadi ahaan -10 °C ilaa +80 °C (tamashle gaaban ilaa 90 °C).
Daxalka: Waxay iska caabisaa biyaha macaan, biyaha wasakhda ah, biyaha badda, wasakhda, asiidhyada/saldhigyada daciifka ah (pH 4–10), iyo saliidaha.
Burbur: Dhexdhexaad ah; ku habboon slurry khafiif ah, saxarka warqadda, dabada macdanta (adkaysta yar).
Cadaadiska: Ilaa PN16–PN25 (1.6–2.5 MPa).
Xaddidaadaha: Ma aha asiidhyada xooggan, saldhigyada xooggan, dareerayaasha, ama heerkulka sare; barar ku dhaca haydarokarboonada.
Warshadaha: Biyaha/biyaha wasakhda ah, degmada, HVAC, habka guud, macdan qodista (yaraynta).
2. PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene, Teflon®)
Ugu Fiican: Warshado aad u adag oo wax daxal leh, heerkul sare, iyo dareere aan wax u dhimin.
Heerkulka: −40 °C ilaa +130 °C (caadi); −200 °C ilaa +200 °C (ugu sarreeya, waqti xaddidan).
Daxalka: Aad u fiican—wuxuu iska caabiyaa asiidhyada xoogga leh (HCl, H₂SO₄, HNO₃), saldhigyo xooggan (NaOH, KOH), oksaydheeyayaasha (NaClO, H₂O₂), iyo inta badan dareerayaasha dabiiciga ah.
Burbur: Liita—ka fogow walxaha adag, ciidda, ama walxaha adag.
Cadaadis: Ilaa PN25 (2.5 MPa); ma aha cadaadiska faakuumka/taban (khatarta burburka).
Xaddidaadaha: Jaban, iska caabin yar oo xoqid ah, dulqaad la'aan faakuumka; waxaa weeraray biraha alkali ee dhalaalay, gaaska fluorine, ClF₃.
Warshadaha: Warshadaha kiimikada, kiimikada batroolka, dawooyinka, dahaadhka, biyaha wasakhda ah (oo aad u daxal badan).
3. PFA (Perfluoroalkoxy, "PTFE wax laga beddelay")
Ugu Fiican: Nadiifnimo sare, heerkul sare, iyo codsiyo aad u xoqan (kor u qaad PTFE).
Heerkulka: −40 °C ilaa +180 °C (joogto ah); meelaha ugu sarreeya ee gaagaaban ilaa 200 °C.
Daxalka: La mid ah PTFE—wuxuu ka hortagaa dhammaan warbaahinta la jaanqaadi karta PTFE; daxalka birta ee aadka u hooseeya (<1 ppb).
Burbur: Ka wanaagsan PTFE (wali dhexdhexaad ah); ku habboon adkaha hooseeya ilaa dhexdhexaadka ah.
Cadaadis: Ilaa PN40 (4.0 MPa); iska caabin faakiyuum/cadaadis taban oo aad u fiican.
Farsamada: Dabacsan, adag, u adkaysta gurguurta; waxaa lagu xidhi karaa kuleylka tuubada (ma laha dildilaac); ikhtiyaar hufan/shuban ayaa la heli karaa.
U hoggaansanaanta: FDA, 3-A, EHEDG, ASME BPE (heerarka nadaafadda/nadiifadda sare).
Xaddidaadaha: Kharash sare (3–5× PTFE); isla ka reebitaannada kiimikada sida PTFE.
Warshadaha: Semiconductor (biyo/kiimiko aad u saafi ah), bayotech/dawooyin (nadiif ah/CIP/SIP), cunto/cabitaan (nadiif ah heerkul sare), qorraxda, iyo hababka kiimikada ee horumarsan.